- Rwanda targets nuclear power to supply 60% to 70% of its energy mix.
- First small modular reactor expected to be operational in the early 2030s.
- International Atomic Energy Agency review highlights strong government commitment and early planning.
Rwanda is making steady progress toward introducing nuclear power into its national energy mix, following a recent review by the International Atomic Energy Agency.
An Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review mission conducted at the request of the Government of Rwanda took place from 2 to 9 March 2026 to assess the country’s preparedness to develop a nuclear power programme. The eight day mission evaluated Rwanda’s progress in establishing the infrastructure required for a safe, secure and sustainable nuclear sector.
The review found that Rwanda has made notable progress in building the institutional and policy framework needed to support nuclear power development. The country plans to integrate nuclear energy into its national power strategy with the goal of supplying between 60% and 70% of its energy mix from nuclear sources over the medium to long term.
Rwanda expects its first small modular reactor to become operational in the early 2030s, marking a major milestone in the country’s effort to diversify its energy supply and reduce reliance on electricity imports and fossil fuels.
The national programme is being implemented under a 2020 Presidential Order that established the Rwanda Atomic Energy Board. Nuclear power development is also embedded in the national energy policy and supports Rwanda’s long term strategy for energy security and economic growth.
Ahead of the review mission, Rwanda prepared a comprehensive self evaluation covering all aspects of nuclear power infrastructure and submitted it to the IAEA together with supporting documentation. The review team consisted of experts from Egypt, Estonia, Kenya and Pakistan along with six IAEA specialists.
During the mission, the team identified several good practices that could benefit other countries considering nuclear power development. These included strong government commitment, effective coordination between national institutions, proactive engagement with stakeholders and early preparation for emergency preparedness and response.
The mission also highlighted progress in drafting a comprehensive nuclear law, strengthening the regulatory framework for nuclear energy and conducting site surveys to identify potential locations for the planned small modular reactor project.
According to Mehmet Ceyhan, technical lead of the IAEA Nuclear Infrastructure Development Section and team leader for the mission, Rwanda has made significant strides in its preparations.
He noted that strong government support and coordinated preparatory work have enabled the country to advance toward a national decision on nuclear power development.
The review team also issued recommendations aimed at supporting further progress. These include finalising the comprehensive report that will guide national decision making, completing the review of national legislation and further developing policies and strategies required to support the nuclear power programme.
Rwanda’s Minister of Infrastructure, Jimmy Gasore, said the government remains committed to the responsible and transparent development of nuclear energy.
He said the IAEA review provides valuable guidance to ensure Rwanda’s national framework aligns with international safety standards and global best practice.
Following the mission, the IAEA and Rwanda will develop an integrated workplan to coordinate future support as the country advances its nuclear power programme.
Author: Bryan Groenendaal
