- June 2025 was the third warmest June on record globally, as reported in the latest Climate Bulletin by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).
- Major heatwaves – intensified by high sea surface temperatures in the western Mediterranean Sea – led to ‘very strong heat stress’ in large parts of western and southern Europe.
In June 2025, western Europe as a whole saw its warmest June on record, with an average temperature of 20.49°C, surpassing the previous record for the month from 2003 by only 0.06°C. Two major heatwaves led to ‘very strong heat stress’ in large parts of western and southern Europe, with ‘extreme heat stress’ and feels-like temperatures reaching 48°C in parts of Portugal. Spain experienced its warmest June in 64 years while England reported the highest temperatures for June since data records began in 1884.
“June 2025 saw an exceptional heatwave impact large parts of western Europe, with much of the region experiencing very strong heat stress. This heatwave was made more intense by record sea surface temperatures in the western Mediterranean. In a warming world, heatwaves are likely to become more frequent, more intense and impact more people across Europe.”
Samantha Burgess, Strategic Lead for Climate at ECMWF
The average temperature over European land for June 2025 was 18.46°C, 1.10°C above the 1991-2020 average for June, making it the fifth-warmest June on record.
(Left) Anomalies and extremes in the average surface air temperature between 17 June and 2 July 2025. The extreme categories (‘coolest’ and ‘warmest’) are based on rankings of average temperatures for the same 16 days during 1979–2024. The other categories describe how the temperatures compare to the distribution of these temperatures during the 1991–2020 reference period. The dashed outline shows the western European domain used to compute the time series shown below. (Right) Average surface air temperature anomalies for western Europe relative to the 1991–2020 average for each June from 1979 to 2025. The western European region is defined here as land areas within 11°W–15°E, 37–55°N. Data source: ERA5. Credit: C3S/ECMWF
Outside of Europe, warmer-than-average temperatures were observed in a large part of the United States, northern Canada and central Asia, while record-breaking warmth was reported in Japan, some regions of China and many Korean cities. In contrast, southern South America experienced notably cold conditions in June, with record lows set in Argentina and Chile due to cold air circulation out of Antarctica.
June 2025 marks third month below 1.5°C in last 24 months
Globally, June 2025 saw an average surface air temperature of 16.46°C, 0.47°C above the 1991–2020 average for June according to the ERA5 dataset. At +1.30°C above the pre-industrial baseline (1850–1900), it was the third month in the last 24 with a global temperature below 1.5°C.
Monthly global surface air temperature anomalies (°C) relative to 1850–1900 from January 1940 to June 2025, plotted as time series for each year. The year 2025 as well as the two warmest calendar years are shown in colour: 2025 in dark red, 2024 in orange, and 2023 in yellow. All other years are shown with thin grey lines. Data source: ERA5. Credit: Copernicus Climate Change Service /ECMWF
Information source: Copernicus Climate Change Service
